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In addition to calpain I activity cathepsin
2023-11-21
In addition to calpain I activity, cathepsin activities have been proven to be linked to apoptotic signaling. Cathepsin B and cathepsin D are two of the most abundant and well-investigated lysosome acid-dependent proteases that are involved in the apoptotic regulation (Ferri & Kroemer, 2001). Cathep
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br Experimental br Acknowledgment br Introduction The NADPH
2023-11-20
Experimental Acknowledgment Introduction The NADPH-dependent reduction of d-glucose catalyzed by aldose reductase (E.C.1.1.1.21) (AR) is considered as one of the phenomena leading to the onset of long term diabetic complications [as review see: [1], [2]. In fact, the reduction of the sugar,
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The rank order of agonist
2023-11-20
The rank order of agonist potency in turkey cardiac chambers demonstrated the predominant presence of the β-adrenergic receptor subtype, in line with the receptor classification by . However, a previous radioligand binding study in the left ventricles of 7-week old turkeys reported the existence of
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These results from the present study
2023-11-20
These results from the present study are summarized in Table 1. Eight drugs (doxorubicin, epirubicin, daunorubicin, idarubicin, irinotecan, imatinib, sunitinib and gefitinib) inhibited 5-HT-induced 5-HT3A and 5-HT3AB currents; three (irinotecan, topotecan and mitoxantrone) showed different responses
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Consistent with a damaging role for increased LOX
2023-11-20
Consistent with a damaging role for increased 12/15-LOX activity in stroke, systemic administration of the 12/15-LOX inhibitor, LB1, 2 h after permanent focal cerebral ischemia significantly reduced infarct size 24 h after the ischemia, and the treatment group demonstrated improved behavioral and he
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br Acknowledgements br Introduction Double stranded DNA
2023-11-20
Acknowledgements Introduction Double-stranded DNA breaks (DSBs) are among the most deleterious DNA lesions that threaten genomic integrity. DSBs are generated not only by exogenous DNA-damaging agents but also by normal cellular processes such as V(D)J recombination, meiosis, and DNA replicati
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In the nineties we knew that baclofen was
2023-11-20
In the nineties we knew that (-)baclofen was the stereo-selective ligand for the GABAB receptor which had been recognised by Norman Bowery as a receptor for GABA, which was different from the GABAA receptor (Hill and Bowery, 1981). GABAB receptor antagonists were also synthesised and made available
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br Conclusion br Introduction Breast cancer is the
2023-11-20
Conclusion Introduction Breast cancer is the most common cancer and second leading cause of cancer-related deaths in women [1,2]. There were about 1.7 million new cases of breast cancer worldwide in 2012 [3], and the number of new cases of female breast cancer is expected to increase to 3.2 mi
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Therefore VEGF and its receptors are expressed in different
2023-11-20
Therefore, VEGF and its receptors are expressed in different organs, including the kidneys, the liver and the BPTES [55]. In the human placenta, VEGF is mainly synthesized by cytotrophoblast and Hofbauer cells early in the first trimester, whereas Flk-1 and Flt-1 receptors are expressed throughout t
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Abnormalities in placentation in patients
2023-11-20
Abnormalities in placentation in patients with PE appear to be associated with changes in different components of the signaling pathway that mediates cytotrophoblast migration/invasion. Studies have showed that the activation of the Notch signaling pathway is associated with the differentiation and
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br Androgen interference with the action of arachidonic
2023-11-20
Androgen interference with the action of arachidonic Etoricoxib synthesis metabolites’ actions; the other side of the coin Arachidonic acid, being a polyunsaturated fatty acid present in the phospholipids of the membrane of cells, is highly abundant within the organism. It is mainly involved in c
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br Serine glycine and one carbon metabolism
2023-11-18
Serine/glycine and one-carbon metabolism Altered serine metabolism in tumors was noted nearly half a century ago, and elevated flux through the de novo serine synthesis pathway (SSP) is a common phenomenon in cancer Probucol [43]. The SSP branches from glycolysis at the point of 3-phosphoglycera
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AKT has been shown to be important for G S
2023-11-18
AKT1 has been shown to be important for G1-S checkpoint transition and proliferation, whereas AKT2 regulates cell-cycle exit through its interaction with p21 (Héron-Milhavet et al., 2006). In a recent study in triple negative breast cancer, AKT3, rather than AKT1 activity was most important for cell
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br Introduction Several studies have found that hypothalamic
2023-11-18
Introduction Several studies have found that hypothalamic Akt-mediated signaling pathways play critical roles in the regulation of food intake and Prednisone mg metabolism in mammals [[1], [2], [3], [4], [5], [6]]. Central injections of the inhibitor of phosphoinositide 3- kinases (PI3 K, an ups
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The overall adjustment the non toxicity and the addiction fr
2023-11-18
The overall adjustment, the non-toxicity and the addiction-free treatment methods are the advantages of EA. EA treatment for depression has achieved great clinical effect in recent years (Dong et al., 2017). The clinical practice guideline of the American college of physicians (ACP) have pointed out
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