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The subdivision of HT receptors started in
2023-01-26
The subdivision of 5-HT receptors started in the 1950s by Gaddum and colleagues, when they realised that in the guinea pig ileum, the effects of 5-HT could be blocked in part by morphine (M), and in part by dibenzyline (D). Gaddum and Picarelli proposed two receptor classes, 5-HT M and 5-HT D (1957)
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Introduction Initially postulated to represent the
2023-01-26
Introduction Initially postulated to represent the main source of ATP production in eukaryotic cells, mitochondria are recently recognized to perform manifold essential functions beyond energy production, impacting most areas of cell biology and medicine [1]. Mitochondrial metabolism is both the ba
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Although little is known about the etiopathogenesis
2023-01-24
Although little is known about the etiopathogenesis of preeclampsia, this syndrome has a major impact on maternal and fetal health worldwide, since it is responsible for 10–15% of maternal deaths [16], [17], preterm births, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), and fetal deaths [2]. In developing
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br Steroidogenesis in the skin
2023-01-24
Steroidogenesis in the skin The synthesis of steroid hormones takes place in many tissues of which the adrenal glands, ovaries, testis, placenta and between are considered to be classical steroidogenic organs. Nevertheless, skin constitutes an important peripheral steroidogenic tissue. Steroidoge
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br Conclusion br Introduction The
2023-01-24
Conclusion Introduction The identification of Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarkers and their ability to measure pathology antemortem has led to a fundamental reconsideration of the pathogenesis of AD. The importance of biomarkers was already reflected in revised diagnostic criteria proposed by
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While A Rs communicate mainly with the
2023-01-24
While A1Rs communicate mainly with the D1R subtype [36], A2AR and D2R interaction occurs mainly in basal ganglia. D2Rs colocalizes with A2ARs in this PJ 34 area where they are preferentially localized postsynaptically in the soma and dendrites of GABAergic striatopallidal neurons [69]. This interac
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Altogether the situations described above clearly impede the
2023-01-24
Altogether, the situations described above clearly impede the critical steps of drug discovery and development and the scientific process in general [14]. In conclusion, it is the opinion of these authors that many exciting lines of drug discovery (which includes those devoted to nAChR ligands) have
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br Disclaimer br Conflicts of interest br
2023-01-24
Disclaimer Conflicts of interest Role of the Sponsor Acknowledgements Funding/support: This project was supported by a grant from the Department of Surgery (R5129), Western University and by the Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences (ICES) Western site. ICES is funded by an annual g
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The identification of novel kinase inhibitor
2023-01-24
The identification of novel kinase inhibitor scaffolds is highly desirable in order to develop selective kinase inhibitors. Small-molecule inhibitors of Interleukin-2-inducible T-cell kinase (Itk) that are based on the 3-aminopyridin-2-one fragment 1 have been reported. Despite derivatisation of 1 y
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capreomycin Introduction Initially postulated to represent t
2023-01-24
Introduction Initially postulated to represent the main source of ATP production in eukaryotic cells, mitochondria are recently recognized to perform manifold essential functions beyond energy production, impacting most areas of cell biology and medicine [1]. Mitochondrial metabolism is both the ba
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Introduction Induction of long term potentiation LTP the cel
2023-01-21
Introduction Induction of long-term potentiation (LTP), the cellular correlate of learning and memory, triggers profound changes in the structure and function of excitatory synapses by increasing dendritic spine size and synaptic strength. Significant progress has been made in understanding the int
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Overexpression of AR in a transgenic mouse
2023-01-21
Overexpression of AR in a transgenic mouse model leads to a capsular cataract phenotype involving proliferation and formation of a fibrotic plaque of cells reminiscent of cells at the posterior AZD8931 receptor in PCO [17]. To investigate the molecular mechanism that could link AR expression to thi
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Interestingly our transgenic mouse model with macrophages
2023-01-21
Interestingly, our transgenic mouse model with macrophages expressing AdipoR1 showed not only improved insulin sensitivity and inflammation in skeletal muscle and adipose tissues, but fat mass, macrophage and plasma lipid accumulation and foam cell formation was also favorably reduced resulting from
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Diabetes or inflammation is associated with up regulation of
2023-01-21
Diabetes or inflammation is associated with up-regulation of A2AAR (Pang et al., 2010). High levels of A2AARs are found in macrophages and microglial cells that are poised, on activation, to abrogate the immune response (Trincavelli et al., 2008). In addition, hyperglycemia is associated with increa
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br Introduction In myasthenia gravis MG autoantibodies
2023-01-21
Introduction In myasthenia gravis (MG), autoantibodies against the native AChR conformation cause loss of AChR at the neuromuscular junction and fatigable muscle weakness (Newsom-Davis et al., 1993). The AChR is a pentameric transmembrane protein, with two splice forms of the α-subunit, P3A− and
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