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As a result of the capability of modulating the
2022-06-02
As a result of the capability of modulating the dynamic changes and rearrangement of cytoskeletons, the Rho GTPases, in which RhoA, Cdc42 and Rac1 are best-characterized, have been highlighted as significant contributors for orchestrating neuronal development (Duman et al., 2015, Heasman and Ridley,
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The present study chose the fdh gene the homolog
2022-06-02
The present study chose the fdh gene, the homolog of mammalian GSNOR, to generate UAS-fdh and fdh double-stranded RNA interference (ds-RNAi) transgenic Drosophila. These transgenic models were used to study the effect of GSNOR activity modulation on visual learning and memory and to explore the poss
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br Mutagenesis and Receptor Modeling Studies br
2022-06-02
Mutagenesis and Receptor-Modeling Studies Signal Transduction and Receptor Desensitization Therapeutic Potential of HCA Receptor Ligands Although all members of the HCA receptor family are potentially interesting drug targets, only HCA2 is currently exploited as such. Therefore, this sectio
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Throughout our studies we used CBD
2022-06-02
Throughout our studies we used CBD under the assumption that it binds to the GPR55 receptor and has antagonist properties at the GPR55 receptor, as previously suggested (Whyte et al., 2009). To clarify whether the GPR55 receptor is involved in the O-1602-mediated effects on GI motility, we performed
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br Results and discussion br Conclusions In
2022-06-02
Results and discussion Conclusions In summary, we generated analogues of the hit compounds 1–3, studied their structure–activity relationships, and created a series of highly potent GPR55 agonists. The most potent agonists among the series were 17a-b, 17e, 17g and 17l with EC50 values below 10
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994 The ER is responsible for
2022-06-02
The ER is responsible for calcium storage, lipid and protein biosynthesis, and the folding, assembly, and maturation of proteins [23], and ER stress is one of the main causes in T2DM, which leads to β-cell apoptosis and dysfunction [[5], [6], [7]]. In this study, TG was used as an ER stress inducer.
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br Conclusions br Introduction G protein coupled receptors G
2022-06-02
Conclusions Introduction G protein-coupled receptors (GPRs) share common structural motifs, including seven transmembrane helices, and the ability to activate heterotrimeric G proteins such as Gs, Gi, Gq and G12/13. A variety of GPR cellular functions are mediated by second messengers such as
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Ironically another series of studies examining the
2022-06-01
Ironically, another series of studies examining the role of EAATs in CNS injury and disease suggest that under some pathological conditions, the operation of the EAATs is not protective, but actually contributes to the excitotoxic process (Rossi et al., 2000). The transporters do so by serving as th
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However no reviews was focused on all the
2022-06-01
However, no reviews was focused on all the glutamate heteroreceptor complexes and how to understand why some were formed and not others in the glutamate synapses and their extrasynaptic regions. These receptor complexes are present on the glutamate nerve terminals and the dendritic spines on which t
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Dexmedetomidine While TUNEL staining is traditionally though
2022-06-01
While TUNEL staining is traditionally thought to be an apoptosis marker, studies have shown that TUNEL can stain necrotic Dexmedetomidine [19], [20], [21]. Furthermore, DNA degradation has also been observed in necrotic cells [22]. TUNEL staining alone is therefore insufficient to distinguish apopt
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In the small intestine digestion and absorption of
2022-06-01
In the small intestine, digestion and GW5074 of the nutrients are the next processes with an impact on the resulting plasma profile. Normally, neither carbohydrate digestion nor absorption are limiting factors, which is illustrated by the rapid and extensive absorption of glucose in conditions with
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In a mouse model of hyperhomocysteinemia
2022-06-01
In a mouse model of hyperhomocysteinemia (a risk factor for the development of vascular dysfunction) it has been shown that myoendothelial communication is enhanced due to increased expression of Cx37 and IK1 pkc pathway [], allowing the propagation of endothelial signals to VSMC and thereby decrea
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In an immunohistochemical analysis of gastric cancer samples
2022-06-01
In an immunohistochemical analysis of 117 gastric cancer samples, reduced Cx43 and E-cadherin expression were shown to contribute to the development of primary gastric cancer; however, increased Cx43 and E-cadherin expression contributed to lymph node metastasis [13]. In primary urothelial Adarotene
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olopatadine hydrochloride The GAL also modified HT system Mi
2022-06-01
The GAL(1–15) also modified 5-HT system (Millon et al., 2015). Using a rat medullary raphe-derived cell line RN33B, we observed that GAL(1–15) significantly decreased the 5-HT immunoreactivity in the RN33B olopatadine hydrochloride (p Conclusion All these data emphasized the role of GAL and its N-
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br Acknowledgements br Introduction Galanin shows widespread
2022-06-01
Acknowledgements Introduction Galanin shows widespread distribution in the central nervous system (CNS) and peripheral nervous system (PNS) as well as in the immune, endocrine and endothelial vascular systems (Lang et al., 2007). Galanin controls diverse physiological processes such as arousal
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