• Another open question is whether GABA and ACh are released

  2024-09-11

  

  Another open question is whether GABA and ACh are released from the same synaptic vesicles, or even the same presynaptic terminals. Multi-transmitter neurons may either function through co-release, in which multiple neurotransmitters are packaged into the same presynaptic terminal and are therefore

• The acetylcholinesterase AChE inhibitor tacrine THA

  2024-09-11

  

  The acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor, tacrine (THA), exerts neuroprotective effects in time- and does-dependent manners against glutamate neurotoxicity (Takada-Takatori et al., 2006a, 2006b) and amyloid-β protein toxicity in PC12, a pheochromocytoma line (Wang et al., 2002; Xiao et al., 2000).

• It is important to note

  2024-09-10

  

  It is important to note that stable amnesia is, apparently, a general biological phenomenon and can be found in different animal species. In studies on rats, it was found that if reconsolidation of conditioned olfactory aversion memory was impaired by the antagonist of NMDA glutamate receptors, amne

• Recent progress has been made in translating animal findings

  2024-09-10

  

  Recent progress has been made in translating animal findings on memory performance and amnestic effects – that are largely determined by tonically active receptors in which α5 contributes to the benzodiazepine binding site. Based on the observation that deletion of this subunit led to improved spati

• The following are the supplementary data

  2024-09-10

  

  The following are the supplementary data related to this article. Competing interest Ethics approval and consent to participate Authors' contributions Acknowledgements The authors thank Dr. D. R. Kaplan for kind advice and materials derived from NB primary cell lines, Dr. F. D. Miller f

• br Discussion Arginase and Arginase

  2024-09-10

  

  Discussion Arginase 1 and Arginase 2 are homologous enzymes that consume l-arginine to produce l-ornithine and urea [14], [15]. These enzymes compete with NO synthases for the same substrate [14], [15], [30], and therefore may reduce NO production [21], [24], [30]. The colocalization of arginases

• glycosylase br Introduction The term antioxidant

  2024-09-10

  

  Introduction The term antioxidant derives from the prevention of the oxygen consumption. In the late of 19th centuries, antioxidants were generally used in industrial processes such as against to metal corrosion, vulcanization of rubber. Later on, the use of antioxidants to prevent the rancidity

• br Acknowledgments br Protein microarrays were developed to

  2024-09-10

  

  Acknowledgments Protein microarrays were developed to provide miniaturized high-throughput tools to study protein function, HC 067047 and post-translational modifications. Just a few years ago, the seminal work performed in Stuart Schreiber's laboratory at Harvard University () and at Michael

• br Technical Note Fungal spoilage of dairy

  2024-09-10

  

  Technical Note Fungal spoilage of dairy products remains a major concern for dairy manufacturers despite the use of preventive and control approaches, including the use of chemical preservatives. Among methods that are increasingly used by industries for microbial contaminant control, biopreserva

• br Disclosure br Acknowledgments br Introduction

  2024-09-10

  

  Disclosure Acknowledgments Introduction Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK), a receptor tyrosine kinase, belongs to the insulin receptor kinase subfamily [1]. Oncogenic activation of ALK is associated with the Pralatrexate and progression of multiple human cancer types [2,3], including anapla

• The ORR obtained with crizotinib on

  2024-09-10

  

  The ORR obtained with crizotinib on our cohort was low compared to other studies, such as the prospective studies of A. Shaw et al. (ORR = 65% in second line), B. Solomon et al. (ORR = 74% in first line) and the more comparable large retrospective study of M. Duruisseaux et al. on the French CLINALK

• Acetazolamide In large biopsies series from ALK NSCLC treate

  2024-09-10

  

  In large biopsies series from ALK+ NSCLC treated patients, the number of detected mutations increased after second generation ALKi (Gainor et al., 2016) and in one study were present in 56% of the entire cohort (Shaw et al., 2013b). For example, the rate of G1202R mutations increases from 2% in post

• A previous study reported that the

  2024-09-09

  

  A previous study reported that the serotonergic mechanism was involved in the psychological stress-induced alteration in synaptic plasticity in the rat hippocampal CA1 field (Matsumoto et al., 2004). Sumitaka Inoue et al. (Inoue et al., 2014) reported that pretreatment with a 5-HT1A receptor partial

• One study has demonstrated that PUFA reduced both

  2024-09-09

  

  One study has demonstrated that ω-3 PUFA reduced both cholesterol and caveolin-1 (a marker of raft), thereby displacing raft-associated signaling molecules from lipid raft [36]. Additionally, DHA treatment decreased the amount of lipid raft in the cell surface and displaced several lipid raft-associ

• GMF was later localized to the cytosol

  2024-09-09

  

  GMFβ was later localized to the cytosol of primary astrocytes and glioma cell lines [67], prompting investigations into its involvement in intracellular signaling. It was found that PKA phosphorylation of GMFβ inhibits the ERK1/2 branch of the MAP kinase pathway [73], yet activates the stress-respon

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