• Redundancy of tumor promoting signaling pathways is one of t

  2020-03-06

  

  Redundancy of tumor promoting signaling pathways is one of the mechanisms that prevent a lasting effect of targeted therapies, as has been demonstrated by the growing number of alternative pathways that confer resistance to EGFR-targeted therapies [3]. We show here that CSF-1R can, at least partiall

• Under conditions of energy scarcity or

  2020-03-06

  

  Under conditions of energy scarcity or nutritional restriction, AMPK, a critical energy sensor, is activated in response to the increased ratio of AMP to ATP. Various kinases may phosphorylate AMPK, leading to its activation. For example, AMPK phosphorylation by liver kinase B 1 (LKB1) at Thr172 res

• The need for dedicated DAPT updates is

  2020-03-06

  

  The need for dedicated DAPT updates is well justified by the large amount of data and new information generated in the field over the past few years. As expected, the ACC/AHA and ESC updates contain large areas of overlap as well as some differences. Differences were largely explained by the differe

• br Disclaimer Statement br Introduction The erythropoietin p

  2020-03-06

  

  Disclaimer Statement Introduction The erythropoietin-producing hepatoma (Eph) receptors represent the largest class of receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs). They are type I transmembrane proteins that interact with their membrane-bound ligands the ephrins and facilitate cell-to-cell contacts resul

• br Conflict of interest statement br References

  2020-03-06

  

  Conflict of interest statement References and recommended reading Papers of particular interest, published within the period of review, have been highlighted as: Acknowledgements We acknowledge financial support by the Swiss State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation (Federal

• br Results br Discussion It has

  2020-03-06

  

  Results Discussion It has been thought that commitment to the plasma cell fate begins while orthopox are still in the GC (Suan et al., 2017, Victora and Nussenzweig, 2012), but the main obstacle to test this model and, if correct, to clarify how the plasma cell-prone GC cells develop has been

• br Experimental Procedures br Acknowledgments We thank

  2020-03-06

  

  Experimental Procedures Acknowledgments We thank R. Brink for providing HEL2x, M. Tanaka for CD169DTR mice, R. Lathe for making Cyp7b1+/− mice available, and M. Barnes and A. Reboldi for comments on the manuscript. T.Y. is an Irvington Institute Postdoctoral Fellow at the Cancer Research Insti

• Oxysterols modulate the immune responses and as such

  2020-03-06

  

  Oxysterols modulate the immune responses and as such could be effectors of the tumor environment: 25-OHC impairs IgA production in B-lymphocytes [26] and induces the secretion of the proinflammatory and angiogenic cytokine IL-8 [27], [28]. Of note, oxysterols (in particular 7α,25-OHC) are potent che

• To compare glucose metabolism via oxidative

  2020-03-06

  

  To compare glucose metabolism via oxidative phosphorylation to that via glycolysis, a bioenergetics plot was constructed (Fig. 3A). In most cells, a decrease in one bioenergetics pathway is compensated by an increase in the other. However, following NAT1 deletion, there was a decrease in both oxida

• br Materials and Methods br Acknowledgements br Introduction

  2020-03-06

  

  Materials and Methods Acknowledgements Introduction The extracellular matrix (ECM) is a dynamic structure that acts as a scaffold for the mechanical support of multicellular organisms. It is responsible for the organisation of different tissues and regulates critical events in development a

• DDR upregulation in patients with kidney

  2020-03-06

  

  DDR1 upregulation in patients with kidney diseases such as lupus nephritis and Goodpasture\'s syndrome [8] as well as in animal models of kidney injury [7], [8], [18] suggests that DDR1 plays an important role in kidney disease. Studies in various mouse models of kidney injury indicate that DDR1 del

• Redundancy of tumor promoting signaling pathways is one

  2020-03-06

  

  Redundancy of tumor promoting signaling pathways is one of the mechanisms that prevent a lasting effect of targeted therapies, as has been demonstrated by the growing number of alternative pathways that confer resistance to EGFR-targeted therapies [3]. We show here that CSF-1R can, at least partiall

• Following the relationship model adopted

  2020-03-06

  

  Following [20], [22], the relationship model adopted in this Kif15-IN-2 work to estimate the time to failure is the Inverse Power Law (IPL): Where L is the SUT life characteristic (e.g. the mean time to failure), s represents the stress level, while k and w are model-related parameters to be define

• In S cerevisiae Mek a paralog of the

  2020-03-06

  

  In S. cerevisiae, Mek1, a paralog of the checkpoint kinase Chk2, mediates cell-cycle arrest in response to meiotic defects (Bailis and Roeder, 2000, Xu et al., 1997). Mek1 is associated with meiotic chromosome axes, where its activation requires interactions with two other axis proteins, Hop1 and Re

• Soon after the discovery of ET and the

  2020-03-06

  

  Soon after the discovery of ET1 and the cloning of its ETA and ETB receptors, low-molecular-weight compounds were identified that can prevent the binding and effects of radioactively labeled ET1 3, 5, 6, 8. Initially, these ERAs resulted from screening efforts (e.g. BQ123 39, 49 and bosentan [50]).

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